Switch thirsty crops, water by drip
Where most water goes to fields, moving from paddy and sugarcane to millets, pulses or maize, and from flood to drip or sprinkler irrigation, saves more than any recharge can add.
Groundwater level in Jehanabad
82%Semi-critical
Groundwater is under pressure here. That is the 2025 stage of groundwater extraction: water pumped out in a year as a share of what rain and other sources safely put back. Down 14 points since 2017.
256 million m³pumped out each year (2025)
312 million m³can be taken out safely each year
Noneno yearly shortfall
86%goes to irrigation; the rest to homes and industry
Extraction since 2009
Each point is one CGWB assessment. Over-exploited means more water leaves the ground than comes back, so the water table keeps falling. Hover over or tap a point to see why it moved.
Safe · up to 70%Semi-critical · 70–90%Critical · 90–100%Over-exploited · above 100%
Show the numbers
| Year | Stage | Pumped out | Safe limit | Category | What changed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | 64.0% | 188 million m³ | 294 million m³ | Safe | First assessment in this series. |
| 2013 | 68.8% | 242 million m³ | 352 million m³ | Safe | Pumping up 29% (188 → 242 million m³). Safe limit up 20% (294 → 352 million m³). Main reason: more water was pumped out, mostly for irrigation (170 → 212 million m³). |
| 2017 | 95.7% | 310 million m³ | 324 million m³ | Critical | Pumping up 28% (242 → 310 million m³). Safe limit down 8% (352 → 324 million m³). Main reason: more water was pumped out, mostly for irrigation (212 → 275 million m³). CGWB changed its method in 2017 (GEC-97 to GEC-2015), so part of this change comes from the new method. |
| 2020 | 91.5% | 263 million m³ | 287 million m³ | Critical | Pumping down 15% (310 → 263 million m³). Safe limit down 11% (324 → 287 million m³). Main reason: less water was pumped out, mostly for irrigation (275 → 224 million m³). |
| 2022 | 83.2% | 235 million m³ | 282 million m³ | Semi-critical | Pumping down 11% (263 → 235 million m³). Safe limit down 2% (287 → 282 million m³). Main reason: less water was pumped out, mostly for irrigation (224 → 200 million m³). |
| 2023 | 82.2% | 235 million m³ | 286 million m³ | Semi-critical | Pumping up 0% (235 → 235 million m³). Safe limit up 1% (282 → 286 million m³). |
| 2024 | 80.7% | 240 million m³ | 297 million m³ | Semi-critical | Pumping up 2% (235 → 240 million m³). Safe limit up 4% (286 → 297 million m³). |
| 2025 | 82.0% | 256 million m³ | 312 million m³ | Semi-critical | Pumping up 7% (240 → 256 million m³). Safe limit up 5% (297 → 312 million m³). |
Million m³: 1 million m³ = 100 crore litres. 2009 and 2013 used the older GEC-97 method.
Loading 20 years of rainfall…
Ponds and lakes in Jehanabad
4 of 98 water bodies (4%) are not in use: dried up, silted, built over or polluted. Bringing them back is one of the cheapest ways to recharge groundwater.
Loading the map of water bodies in Jehanabad…
- Ponds67
- Check dams and percolation tanks1
- Others30
Source: 1st Census of Water Bodies, Ministry of Jal Shakti (counted in 2018-19, published 2023).
What will fix it here
Most of the water here goes to farming, so using less on fields matters as much as recharge.
Revive village ponds and johads
Desilting old ponds and opening their feeder channels restores natural recharge. A one-hectare pond that soaks in a metre of water over the monsoon puts back about a crore litres.
Rooftop rainwater recharge
Pipe roof water through a silt trap and filter into a recharge pit or an old borewell. Every 100 m² of roof puts back tens of thousands of litres a year, right where the pumping happens.
Recharge pits and shafts in open land
Parks, campuses, warehouse yards and road sides can take recharge shafts that reach past the clay layer, so runoff that floods streets goes down to the aquifer instead.
Check dams and contour trenches
On sloping or rocky land, small dams on seasonal streams and trenches along contours slow water down long enough for it to sink in.
Treat and reuse wastewater
Treated water from a sewage treatment plant can run flushing, gardens, cooling towers and construction, which today often draw on borewells.
Frequently asked questions
What is the groundwater level in Jehanabad?
In the 2025 Central Ground Water Board assessment, Jehanabad (Bihar) pumped out 82% of the groundwater that can be safely taken out each year, which puts it in the "semi-critical" category. That is 14 points lower than in 2017.
Is groundwater in Jehanabad over-exploited?
No. At 82% of the safe yield, Jehanabad is semi-critical, though recharge is still needed as demand grows.
How can groundwater be recharged in Jehanabad?
Rooftop rainwater harvesting into recharge pits or old borewells, recharge shafts in open land, reviving ponds, check dams, treating and reusing wastewater, and moving farms to drip irrigation and less thirsty crops.
How many ponds and lakes are there in Jehanabad?
The first Census of Water Bodies counted 98 water bodies in Jehanabad, including 67 ponds. 4 of them were not in use.
Other districts in Bihar
Nalanda76%Samastipur68%Begusarai68%Muzaffarpur65%Vaishali64%Khagaria63%Patna61%Sheikhpura59%Darbhanga58%Gopalganj57%Gaya56%Sheohar55%Siwan54%Arwal52%Bhojpur50%Nawada50%Buxar47%Bhagalpur47%Sitamarhi47%Madhubani46%Kaimur44%Banka43%Katihar43%Saran42%Jamui42%Purnea38%Madhepura38%Saharsa37%Munger37%Kishanganj35%Aurangabad34%Supaul33%Lakhisarai32%West Champaran32%Rohtas30%Araria21%